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Delta associated hepatitis in Australia.

G V Williams, Y E Cossart

    Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hepatitis B-associated delta virus infection is present in Australia, affecting various populations including drug users and immigrants. This delta infection contributes to acute and chronic hepatitis, alongside existing Hepatitis B virus infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Virology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health concern.
    • The delta virus (HDV) is a unique RNA virus that requires HBV for replication.
    • Coinfection with HBV and HDV can lead to more severe liver disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and transmission patterns of Hepatitis B-associated delta infection in Australia.
    • To identify populations at risk for delta virus infection.
    • To understand the clinical significance of delta infection in Australian patients with chronic hepatitis B.

    Main Methods:

    • Serological testing for anti-delta antibodies using radioimmunoassay.
    • Immunofluorescence staining of liver biopsies for intranuclear delta antigen.

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  • Epidemiological analysis of patient demographics and risk factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Delta infection was detected in Australian-born narcotics users, patients with cirrhosis and hepatoma from Italy and Greece, and Southeast Asian immigrants.
    • Approximately 9% of patients with chronic hepatitis B showed evidence of delta infection.
    • Anti-delta antibodies were not found in hemophiliacs, suggesting limited transmission in this group despite HBV exposure.

    Conclusions:

    • Delta virus infection is present in Australia and poses a significant public health issue.
    • Narcotics users may serve as a reservoir for delta virus transmission.
    • Delta infection exacerbates hepatitis B, leading to acute and chronic liver disease.