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Nude mice as models for human leukemia studies.

G K Potter, R N Shen, J W Chiao

The American Journal of Pathology

|March 1, 1984

Summary

This study demonstrates that human leukemic promyelocytes (HL-60) can form tumors in nude mice. These induced tumors closely resemble human granulocytic sarcoma, establishing a valuable in vivo model for leukemia research.

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Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Cancer Biology

Background:

Human leukemic promyelocytes (HL-60) are a well-characterized cell line.
Nude mice are frequently used as a model for human cancer xenografts.
Understanding the in vivo behavior of leukemia cells is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish and characterize human leukemic promyelocyte (HL-60) tumors in nude mice.
To evaluate the morphological and enzymatic similarities between induced tumors and human granulocytic sarcoma.
To assess the utility of the nude mouse model for in vivo studies of HL-60 cells.

Main Methods:

Subcutaneous inoculation of HL-60 cells into nude mice.
Tumor growth monitoring and macroscopic assessment.
Histological and electron-microscopic analysis of tumor tissues.
Enzymatic profiling of tumor cells.
Morphological comparison with human tumor specimens and cultured HL-60 cells.

Main Results:

HL-60 cells successfully formed nonmetastatic granulocytic sarcomas in nude mice, some exceeding 5 cm.
Tumors exhibited viable cell islands within necrotic and fibrotic tissue, with some showing a greenish appearance.
Histology revealed large cells with high nucleocytoplasmic ratios, basophilic cytoplasm, and enzymes characteristic of HL-60 promyelocytes, alongside monocyte/macrophage markers.
Induced tumors were morphologically identical to cultured HL-60 cells and a human subcutaneous promyelocytic tumor specimen.

Conclusions:

The nude mouse model effectively recapitulates human leukemic promyelocyte (HL-60) tumors, specifically granulocytic sarcoma.
The induced tumors exhibit significant morphological and enzymatic fidelity to human leukemia.
This xenograft model provides a robust platform for in vivo investigation of human leukemic cells and therapeutic strategies.

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