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Repair during multifraction exposures: spheroids versus monolayers.

R E Durand

    The British Journal of Cancer. Supplement
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Mammalian cells in spheroids show enhanced radiation repair, known as the "contact effect." This improved repair capacity in spheroids compared to monolayer cultures was observed even at low radiation doses.

    Area of Science:

    • Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology
    • Radiation Oncology
    • Cancer Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Mammalian cells cultured as multicellular spheroids exhibit enhanced sublethal radiation damage accumulation and repair, termed the 'contact effect'.
    • This contact effect can significantly alter the multifraction radiation response of V79 spheroids compared to cells in monolayer cultures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the radiation response of V79 spheroids versus monolayer cultures across a wide range of fraction regimens (1 to 100 fractions).
    • To analyze the impact of the 'contact effect' on cellular radiation sensitivity and repair capabilities.

    Main Methods:

    • Cultured V79 cells were grown as both multicellular spheroids and monolayer cultures.
    • Cells were exposed to multifraction radiation regimens ranging from 1 to 100 fractions at effective dose rates near 1 Gy/h to minimize cell cycle effects.

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  • Cell survival was assessed using high-precision techniques for radiation doses between 0.2 and 1 Gy.

    • Main Results:

    • Spheroid cells demonstrated less cell killing across all regimens compared to monolayer cells, consistent with their greater repair potential.
    • While isoeffect curves converged with increasing fraction number, suggesting similar inherent sensitivity at ultra-low doses per fraction, a survival advantage for spheroid cells persisted.
    • High-precision survival assays confirmed a significant survival advantage for spheroid cells even at low radiation doses (0.2-1 Gy).

    Conclusions:

    • The 'contact effect' confers a measurable survival advantage to mammalian cells grown as spheroids, indicating enhanced radiation repair capabilities.
    • This enhanced repair is evident even at low radiation doses, highlighting the importance of cellular architecture in modulating radiation response.
    • Findings suggest that spheroid models are crucial for understanding in vivo-like radiation responses and have implications for radiotherapy strategies.