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Mandibular function and dysfunction in patients with mandibular prognathism.

P J Wisth

    American Journal of Orthodontics
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Surgical correction of mandibular prognathism significantly reduces jaw dysfunction symptoms and improves jaw function. This study shows that correcting sagittal discrepancies enhances mandibular movement and occlusion, indicating anatomical correction is key for normal jaw function.

    Area of Science:

    • Dentistry
    • Orthodontics
    • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

    Background:

    • Mandibular prognathism is associated with an increased risk of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD).
    • Surgical intervention is considered for correcting significant sagittal discrepancies in prognathism.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To verify the link between mandibular prognathism and dysfunction.
    • To evaluate the impact of surgical correction on functional abilities in these patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative study of 28 untreated patients with mandibular prognathism and 44 surgically treated patients (10-year follow-up).
    • Assessment of functional status and subjective symptoms using the Helkimo index.
    • Evaluation of occlusal factors including the number of occluding teeth and occlusal interferences.

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    Main Results:

    • Surgically treated patients reported a significant reduction in subjective dysfunction symptoms.
    • Objective evaluation revealed decreased TMD symptoms, especially improved mandibular movement capacity, in the treated group.
    • The treated group had a higher number of occluding teeth and fewer occlusal interferences compared to the untreated group.

    Conclusions:

    • Surgical repositioning of the mandible in prognathism improves functional outcomes and reduces symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction.
    • Restoring normal sagittal jaw alignment is crucial for achieving and maintaining optimal mandibular function.
    • A normalized anatomical foundation appears essential for healthy temporomandibular joint function.