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Experimental tooth ankylosis in the monkey.

P L Rubin, E J Weisman, F Bisk

    The Angle Orthodontist
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Trauma to monkey teeth caused cementum resorption, but luxation injuries showed bone apposition to cementum, suggesting a mechanism for dental ankylosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Dental research
    • Primate oral pathology
    • Histopathology

    Background:

    • Dental ankylosis, where bone fuses with the tooth root, can complicate tooth development and replacement.
    • Understanding the mechanisms of ankylosis is crucial for pediatric dentistry and orthodontics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of different types of dental trauma on deciduous teeth in Cynamoglus monkeys.
    • To identify potential mechanisms leading to dental ankylosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Radiographs and study casts were taken of three monkeys with deciduous teeth.
    • Tooth roots were traumatized using hyperocclusion, surgical root exposure with a bur, or chemical irritants.
    • Histologic examination of traumatized teeth was performed.

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  • A maxillary deciduous incisor was luxated, and block sections were analyzed after four weeks.

    • Main Results:

    • Trauma induced scalloping resorption of cementum but no ankylosis.
    • Luxation injury resulted in bone in close apposition to cementum.
    • No evidence of ankylosis was observed with hyperocclusion, bur, or chemical irritant trauma.

    Conclusions:

    • Surgical trauma and hyperocclusion in monkey deciduous teeth primarily cause cementum resorption.
    • Tooth luxation appears to be a significant mechanism for inducing dental ankylosis in monkeys.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the pathways of dental ankylosis.