Dycal: physical properties and resistance to amalgam condensation

Simulated clinical experiments showed that the hand condensation of amalgam on single or multiple layers of Dycal in Class II cavities does not cause significant fracture or displacement of the liner. Cyclic loading experiments demonstrated that the plastic deformation of Dycal decreases and its stiffness increases with each additional load cycle. This indicates that minor displacement of Dycal during amalgam condensation occurs mainly during the first thrusts with the condenser, and that its mechanical properties are improved by repeated condensation with heavy pressure. Cyclic loading tests may be of considerable value in the evaluation of the performance of liners during amalgam condensation.