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Related Experiment Videos

Monocytic leukemia in a horse.

E Burkhardt, F von Saldern, B Huskamp

    Veterinary Pathology
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Monocytic leukemia was diagnosed in a horse presenting with colic and edema. The leukemic cells showed phagocytosis and specific esterase activity, differentiating it from other leukemia types.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Pathology
    • Equine Hematology
    • Cancer Biology

    Background:

    • A six-year-old horse exhibited clinical signs including impaired performance, cough, colic, and ventral edema.
    • Physical examination revealed poor skin turgor, pale mucous membranes, labored breathing, and enlarged lymph nodes and spleen.

    Observation:

    • Hematology showed anemia, leukocytosis with a high percentage of monocytoid cells.
    • Necropsy findings included generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, ascites, hydrothorax, and thickened gut wall.
    • Leukemic cell infiltration was extensive, affecting multiple organs like lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver, gut, kidneys, and choroid plexus.

    Findings:

    • Leukemic cells demonstrated phagocytosis of latex particles.
    • Enzyme histochemistry revealed marked alpha-naphthyl-acetate and naphthol-AS-acetate esterase activity, with weak naphthol-AS-D-chloroacetate esterase activity.
    • Scanning electron microscopy showed leukemic cells with prominent ruffles and ridge-like profiles.

    Implications:

    • The unique cellular morphology and enzyme activity profile excluded lymphocytic and granulocytic leukemia.
    • The findings supported a diagnosis of monocytic leukemia in this equine case.
    • This case highlights the importance of integrated diagnostic approaches in veterinary oncology.

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