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This discussion has been concerned with the immunoglobulin receptors of lymphocytes and particularly with the ability of these immunoglobulin receptors to bind specific antigens. We have considered some of the methods used to measure these antigen-binding cells (ABC) and the nature of the ABC in normal, nonimmunized animals. The response of the ABC to specific immunization has been discussed to demonstrate the usefulness of technics which allow the evaluation of precursor cell populations. Finally, the development of these ABC and more particularly the development of B lymphocytes in general has been considered and compared to the ontogenic pattern of several species.
This discussion has been concerned with the immunoglobulin receptors of lymphocytes and particularly with the ability of these immunoglobulin receptors to bind specific antigens. We have considered some of the methods used to measure these antigen-binding cells (ABC) and the nature of the ABC in normal, nonimmunized animals. The response of the ABC to specific immunization has been discussed to demonstrate the usefulness of technics which allow the evaluation of precursor cell populations. Finally, the development of these ABC and more particularly the development of B lymphocytes in general has been considered and compared to the ontogenic pattern of several species.
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01:10Antibody Structure
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
01:10Antibody Structure
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
01:31Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
01:25Antibody Structure and Classes
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.