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The intravenous intralipid tolerance test.

I Fraser, H Pearson, V Bowry

    Journal of Leukocyte Biology
    |November 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The intravenous intralipid test does not accurately assess reticuloendothelial system (RES) activity. Its half-life is unaffected by RES-modulating treatments, unlike the carbon clearance test.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacokinetics
    • Immunology
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • The reticuloendothelial system (RES) plays a crucial role in immune surveillance and clearance of foreign particles.
    • Assessing RES activity is important for understanding immune function and disease states.
    • Intravenous intralipid, a fat emulsion, is cleared by the RES, suggesting its potential use as a functional test.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the relationship between the half-life of intravenously injected intralipid 20% and the activity of the reticuloendothelial system (RES).
    • To compare the utility of the intralipid clearance test with the established carbon clearance test for assessing RES function.

    Main Methods:

    • Normal rats were administered intravenous intralipid 20% to measure its plasma half-life.

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  • Groups of rats underwent various treatments known to affect RES activity (e.g., silica, C parvum, fasting, heparin).
  • Intralipid half-life measurements were compared to carbon clearance tests in similar treatment groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Treatments known to modulate RES activity (silica, C parvum) did not alter the half-life of intralipid.
    • The carbon clearance test confirmed the RES-modulating effects of silica and C parvum.
    • Fasting and intravenous heparin administration shortened intralipid clearance but did not affect carbon clearance.

    Conclusions:

    • The intravenous intralipid test is not a reliable method for assessing RES function.
    • Intralipid clearance is influenced by factors independent of RES activity, such as fasting and heparin.
    • The carbon clearance test remains a more appropriate method for evaluating RES activity.