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Antimicrobial agents and host defence.

A Forsgren

    Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. Supplementum
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Antibiotics like rifampicin and fusidic acid can impair immune cell function, potentially affecting host defense. However, some antibiotics enhance bacterial susceptibility to immune cells, while others show in vivo effects on immune responses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Pharmacology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Comparing antibiotic effects on host defense across studies is challenging due to varied experimental designs.
    • Standardized techniques are needed to accurately assess antibiotic impacts on immune function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effects of various antibiotics on human immune cells using standardized methods.
    • To investigate both in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory effects of antibiotics.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed bacterial susceptibility to phagocytosis and killing after antibiotic pre-exposure.
    • Measured human leukocyte chemotaxis and neutrophil protein synthesis (14C-leucine incorporation).
    • Evaluated lymphocyte proliferation (3H-thymidine incorporation) and in vivo cellular immunity in mice via heart graft survival.

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    Main Results:

    • Subinhibitory concentrations of beta-lactams and gentamicin increased bacterial susceptibility to phagocytosis and killing.
    • Fusidic acid, rifampicin, and high-dose tetracyclines inhibited leukocyte chemotaxis and neutrophil function.
    • Therapeutic concentrations of fusidic acid and rifampicin suppressed lymphocyte proliferation; higher doses of doxycycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, and nitrofurantoin also showed inhibition. Rifampicin significantly inhibited heart graft rejection in mice.

    Conclusions:

    • Certain antibiotics, notably fusidic acid and rifampicin, can significantly impair host immune cell functions.
    • In vivo studies confirmed immunomodulatory effects, with rifampicin demonstrating a strong impact on cellular immunity.
    • Standardized testing reveals differential effects of antibiotics on host defense mechanisms.