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Related Experiment Videos

Cylindrical refractive error: a population study in western Newfoundland.

J C Bear, A Richler

    American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study on refractive error in Newfoundland found that most males and females had no cylindrical error. However, females had a higher prevalence of significant astigmatism than males.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Optometry
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Astigmatism, a common refractive error, affects visual acuity.
    • Understanding the distribution of astigmatism is crucial for eye care planning.
    • Previous research has indicated variations in refractive error prevalence across different populations and age groups.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence and distribution of cylindrical refractive error in a population sample in western Newfoundland.
    • To investigate age and sex-specific differences in astigmatism.
    • To explore associations between cylindrical error, spherical error, and near work.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-sectional study involving 957 individuals aged 5 years and over.
    • Data collected from three communities in western Newfoundland, representing approximately 80% of the local population.

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  • Analysis of right eye cylindrical refractive error, categorized by diopters (D) and astigmatism type (with-the-rule, against-the-rule).

    • Main Results:

    • No cylindrical error was found in 72% of males and 60% of females.
    • 12% of males and 19% of females exhibited errors greater than 0.5 D.
    • Significant astigmatism (≥2 D) was more prevalent in females (2.5%) than males (0.5%), affecting all female age groups but only males under 15.
    • Older individuals (≥45 years) showed less astigmatism, with a higher proportion of against-the-rule astigmatism.
    • Astigmatism frequently co-occurred with myopia, particularly against-the-rule astigmatism.
    • An association between with-the-rule astigmatism and near work was suggested in children aged 5-14 years.

    Conclusions:

    • Cylindrical refractive error distribution varies by sex and age in this Newfoundland population.
    • Females and younger males are more susceptible to significant astigmatism.
    • Age-related shifts in astigmatism type and associations with other refractive errors warrant further investigation.
    • The potential link between near work and astigmatism in children requires additional study.