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Gm markers in celiac disease.

A O Carbonara, M DeMarchi, E van Loghem

    Human Immunology
    |February 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study investigated immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes and celiac disease in Italian patients. While no direct association was found, sex and Gm allotypes influence HLA-linked gene penetrance in males.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunogenetics
    • Gastroenterology
    • Celiac Disease Research

    Background:

    • Celiac disease (CD) is a complex autoimmune disorder with a strong genetic component.
    • Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are major susceptibility factors for CD.
    • The role of immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes in CD pathogenesis remains incompletely understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between specific immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes (Gm, A2m, Km) and celiac disease in an Italian patient cohort.
    • To explore potential interactions between Ig allotypes, sex, and HLA-linked gene expression in celiac disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 95 Italian celiac disease patients.
    • Typing for HLA polymorphisms.
    • Assessment of Gm, A2m, and Km allotypes.
    • Statistical analysis of genotype frequencies and sex ratios.

    Main Results:

    • No significant association was observed between Gm, A2m, or Km allotypes and celiac disease in the overall patient sample.
    • Significant differences in sex ratios were found for patients with fnb positive versus fnb negative genotypes.
    • A high relative risk (10.7) for the fnb haplotype was identified in males, suggesting a sex-specific influence.

    Conclusions:

    • Ig allotypes alone do not appear to be directly associated with celiac disease susceptibility in this cohort.
    • Sex and Gm allotypes may modulate the penetrance of HLA-linked genes in celiac disease, particularly in males.
    • These findings align with studies on murine models indicating Ig allotype involvement in immune responses to gliadin.

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