Laser Raman spectroscopy of calf bone Gla protein

The Raman spectra of solid calf bone Gla protein in its native state, decarboxylated, with reduced disulfide bond, and as the calcium salt have been obtained. The amide I and III bands are consistent with the presence of alpha-helical, antiparallel beta-sheet, and random-coil regions in all four forms of bone Gla protein. Random coil appears to be the prevailing conformation. The protein conformation in the calcium salt exhibits an increased alpha-helix character compared to the native protein. No significant differences in the backbone conformation are observed among the native, decarboxylated, and reduced forms of bone Gla protein. The Raman band at 504 cm-1, due to the disulfide stretching vibration in native bone Gla protein, is unchanged upon decarboxylation and binding of Ca2+ to the protein, indicating the absence of any changes in the conformation around the disulfide bond in these protein species. The tryptophan and most of the tyrosine residues appear to be 'exposed' rather than 'buried' in the native protein. The environment of at least one of the phenylalanine residues changes when Ca2+ is bound to bone Gla protein. A small change also appears to take place in the environment of at least one of the tyrosine residues upon Ca2+-binding or reduction of the disulfide bond.