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Bacterial tracheitis--an old disease rediscovered.

S Sofer, P Duncan, V Chernick

    Clinical Pediatrics
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Bacterial tracheitis, a serious childhood illness, is reappearing. Early recognition of this bacterial infection is crucial to prevent severe airway obstruction in children.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Critical Care Medicine

    Background:

    • Bacterial tracheitis is a severe upper airway infection in children.
    • It presents with fever, toxicity, stridor, and copious tracheal secretions.
    • This condition requires prompt recognition and management to avoid airway compromise.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of bacterial tracheitis in children.
    • To compare the incidence of bacterial tracheitis with other upper airway obstructive illnesses in the intensive care unit (ICU).
    • To highlight the resurgence of bacterial tracheitis as a significant pediatric respiratory illness.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of seven pediatric patients admitted with bacterial tracheitis over a 3-year period.

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  • Analysis of clinical presentation, causative pathogens, and management strategies.
  • Comparison of ICU admission rates for bacterial tracheitis versus croup and epiglottitis.

    • Main Results:

    • Bacterial tracheitis was primarily caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Hemophilus influenzae.
    • Most patients required endotracheal intubation and tracheal suctioning.
    • In the ICU, bacterial tracheitis represented 14% of infectious upper airway obstructive admissions, with epiglottitis (55%) and croup (31%) being more common.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacterial tracheitis is an important and serious cause of pediatric obstructive upper airway disease.
    • The condition appears to be re-emerging, particularly in North America.
    • Early diagnosis and intervention are essential for preventing life-threatening airway obstruction.