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Is caerulein amphibian CCK?

R Dimaline

    Peptides
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Amphibians possess CCK8-like peptides in their brains, not the skin decapeptide caerulein. However, their stomachs and intestines contain both CCK-like and distinct caerulein-like peptides, suggesting complex peptide evolution.

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    Area of Science:

    • Comparative endocrinology
    • Evolutionary biology
    • Peptide research

    Background:

    • The amphibian skin decapeptide caerulein is structurally similar to mammalian gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK).
    • It was hypothesized that caerulein is the amphibian equivalent of gastrin and CCK, and that amphibians lack authentic gastric and CCK peptides.
    • This study investigates the presence and nature of CCK- and caerulein-like peptides in amphibians.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize CCK- and caerulein-like peptides in amphibian brain and gut.
    • To determine if amphibians possess authentic CCK or caerulein peptides.
    • To understand the evolutionary relationship between amphibian and mammalian peptides.

    Main Methods:

    • High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was employed for peptide separation and characterization.
    • Radioimmunoassay (RIA) using specific antisera for caerulein and C-terminal CCK was utilized.
    • Peptides were analyzed in the brain and gut tissues of Xenopus laevis and Rana temporaria.

    Main Results:

    • Two CCK-like peptides were identified in the brain of Xenopus laevis, with one matching mammalian CCK8.
    • No decapeptide caerulein was detected in the brains of Xenopus laevis or Rana temporaria.
    • Both CCK-like and caerulein-like peptides were found in the stomach and intestine, though the latter differed from skin caerulein.

    Conclusions:

    • Amphibian brains contain CCK8-like peptides, not caerulein-like peptides.
    • Amphibian stomachs and intestines possess both CCK-like and distinct caerulein-like peptides.
    • These findings suggest a complex evolutionary history and differential distribution of these peptide families in amphibians.

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