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Familial obesity and leanness.

P M Laskarzewski, P Khoury, J A Morrison

International Journal of Obesity

|January 1, 1983

Summary

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Familial obesity and leanness show significant clustering within families, suggesting a strong genetic component. Interventions for obesity are most effective when family-wide, as many families share this trait.

Area of Science:

Human Genetics
Obesity Research
Family Studies

Background:

Familial aggregation of obesity and leanness is a recognized phenomenon.
Understanding the genetic and environmental contributions to body mass index (BMI) is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate the prevalence of suspected familial obesity and leanness.
To provide empirical risk estimates for affected first-degree relatives.
To assess the roles of disease, drugs, and caloric intake in relative obesity and leanness.

Main Methods:

Analysis of the Princeton School District Family Study cohort (379 probands).
Identification of suspected familial obesity/leanness in kindreds with at least two first-degree relatives in the top or bottom Quetelet index deciles.

Related Experiment Videos

Comparison of Quetelet index deciles between probands and their first-degree relatives.

Main Results:

Suspected familial obesity prevalence: 2.4% (random recall whites) and 6% (hyperlipidemic recall whites).
Suspected familial leanness prevalence: 2.4% (random recall whites), 1.4% (hyperlipidemic recall whites), and 3.8% (random recall blacks).
First-degree relatives of obese probands were twice as likely, and relatives of lean probands three times as likely, to have similar body habitus. Hypertension clustered within families with obesity, but not leanness.

Conclusions:

Significant within-family clustering of both obesity and leanness suggests a strong familial component.
Lack of overt metabolic or pharmacological explanations points towards genetic or shared environmental factors.
Family-wide therapeutic interventions are recommended for obesity due to its familial nature.