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Moxalactam retinal toxicity.

D R Fett, C A Silverman, M O Yoshizumi

    Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Moxalactam disodium, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, showed no retinal toxicity at doses of 1.25 mg or less when injected intravitreally in rabbits. Higher doses caused retinal degeneration, suggesting potential use in treating severe bacterial endophthalmitis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Pharmacology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Moxalactam disodium is a third-generation cephalosporin-like antibiotic.
    • Parenteral administration routes yield poor vitreous concentrations.
    • Intravitreal administration requires toxicity assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the toxicity of moxalactam disodium following direct intravitreal injection.
    • To determine the safety threshold for intravitreal moxalactam disodium administration.

    Main Methods:

    • Intravitreal injections of varying moxalactam disodium doses (1.25 mg to 10 mg) were administered to 21 rabbits.
    • Retinal toxicity was assessed through histopathological and electroretinographic examinations.

    Main Results:

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    • Doses of 1.25 mg or less did not cause toxic retinal damage.
    • A dose of 2.5 mg led to early photoreceptor degeneration after three months.
    • Higher doses (5 mg and 10 mg) resulted in significant histopathologic and electroretinographic changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Intravitreal administration of moxalactam disodium is feasible at doses up to 1.25 mg without causing retinal toxicity.
    • Moxalactam disodium may be a viable treatment option for acute, severe bacterial endophthalmitis.