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Related Experiment Videos

Transient autoantibodies with elevated complement levels in common viral diseases.

Y Niwa, T Sakane, T Kanoh

    Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Immunology
    |April 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Viral infections can cause temporary autoimmune responses and changes in immune system components. Autoantibodies like rheumatoid factor (RF) and complement levels were elevated but resolved weeks after infection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Virology
    • Autoimmunity

    Background:

    • Viral infections can trigger immune responses.
    • The presence of autoantibodies and complement alterations during viral illness is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence of autoantibodies and complement alterations in patients with common viral diseases.
    • To determine the transient nature of these immune system changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Tested 219 patients with viral diseases (varicella, influenza, measles, mumps, herpes zoster, hand-foot-mouth, exanthem subitum) for autoantibodies (RF, ADA, ANF, cold agglutinin, heterophil).
    • Assayed serum complement components (C4, C9) and total hemolytic complement (CH50).

    Main Results:

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    • High incidence of RF (23%) in varicella; ADA (16%) and ANF (12%) most frequent in influenza.
    • Elevated C4, C9, and CH50 levels observed in most patients.
    • Autoantibodies and other immune alterations resolved 3-8 weeks post-infection.

    Conclusions:

    • Viral infections can induce significant, temporary autoimmune phenomena.
    • Elevated complement components are common during acute viral illness.
    • Immune system alterations are transient and resolve after infection clearance.