Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

The Concept of Multiple Allelism
Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
Pharmacogenetics of Phase I Enzymes: Cytochrome P450 Isozymes01:28

Pharmacogenetics of Phase I Enzymes: Cytochrome P450 Isozymes

Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes are a superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenases that play a pivotal role in Phase I drug metabolism by catalyzing oxidation and reduction reactions.These enzymes transform lipophilic xenobiotics into more hydrophilic metabolites, facilitating subsequent Phase II conjugation and eventual excretion. The CYP450 family is classified into families (e.g., CYP1–CYP3) and subfamilies (e.g., CYP2A, CYP2C), based on amino acid sequence homology.CYP450 isoenzymes,...
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles, which...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Factors secreted from dental pulp stem cells show multifaceted benefits for treating experimental temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage·2020
Same author

eNOS plays an important role in the regulation of colonic inflammation: a novel therapeutic target and a predictive marker for the prognosis of ulcerative colitis.

Free radical research·2014
Same author

KRAS mutations in primary tumours and post-FOLFOX metastatic lesions in cases of colorectal cancer.

British journal of cancer·2012
Same author

Effects of transglucosidase on diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors and hepatic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism·2011
Same author

KRAS mutations detected by the amplification refractory mutation system-Scorpion assays strongly correlate with therapeutic effect of cetuximab.

British journal of cancer·2011
Same author

The effectiveness of packed therapy with three drugs in Helicobacter pylori eradication in Japan.

Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology·2010

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
07:26

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment

Published on: July 18, 2017

Quantitative variations in polymorphic types of human red cell esterase D.

I Nishigaki, T Itoh, N Ogasawara

    Annals of Human Genetics
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Human red cell esterase D (EsD) activity varies significantly between phenotypes in Japanese individuals. These findings indicate genetic control over both qualitative and quantitative aspects of red cell EsD.

    More Related Videos

    Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry
    09:12

    Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry

    Published on: January 12, 2018

    A Scalable, Cell-Based Method for the Functional Assessment of Ube3a Variants
    06:35

    A Scalable, Cell-Based Method for the Functional Assessment of Ube3a Variants

    Published on: October 10, 2022

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

    High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
    07:26

    High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment

    Published on: July 18, 2017

    Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry
    09:12

    Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry

    Published on: January 12, 2018

    A Scalable, Cell-Based Method for the Functional Assessment of Ube3a Variants
    06:35

    A Scalable, Cell-Based Method for the Functional Assessment of Ube3a Variants

    Published on: October 10, 2022

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Human Genetics
    • Enzymology

    Background:

    • Esterase D (EsD) is an enzyme found in human red blood cells.
    • Understanding EsD's genetic and functional variations is crucial for population genetics and diagnostics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively analyze human red cell esterase D (EsD) in a Japanese population.
    • To investigate the relationship between EsD phenotypes and enzyme activity levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Quantitative analysis of esterase D enzyme activity in human red blood cell samples.
    • Phenotyping of esterase D in Japanese individuals.
    • Statistical analysis of activity distributions across different phenotypes.

    Main Results:

    • Significant differences in catalytic activity were observed among the three common EsD phenotypes (EsD 1, EsD 2-1, and EsD 2).
    • An approximate activity ratio of 7:5:3 was found for EsD 1, EsD 2-1, and EsD 2 phenotypes, respectively.
    • Activity values plotted in a tri-modal curve, with minor inter-type variations.

    Conclusions:

    • The esterase D system in human red cells exhibits both qualitative and quantitative genetic control.
    • Enzyme activity levels are directly influenced by the specific esterase D genotype.