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Decrease in human lymphocyte surface glycoconjugates in leukemia as demonstrated by lectin binding.

C Choquet, A Sharif, C Rosenfeld

    Cancer Biochemistry Biophysics
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Leukemic lymphocytes show fewer lectin receptor sites compared to normal cells, particularly in chronic lymphoid leukemia. However, leukemic cells exhibit higher binding affinity for these lectins.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Cell surface glycoconjugates play crucial roles in cellular interactions and recognition.
    • Alterations in cell surface glycoproteins are characteristic of malignant transformations, including leukemia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate qualitative and quantitative differences in lectin receptor sites on leukemic lymphocytes compared to normal lymphocytes.
    • To characterize the binding specificity and affinity of selected lectins for these receptor sites.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized three tritiated lectins: Robinia pseudoacacia lectin, Concanavalin A, and Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA 120).
    • Determined lectin binding specificity using specific determinants (alpha-methylmannoside, galactose) and lectin saturation assays.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantified receptor site number and apparent affinity constants on normal and leukemic lymphocytes.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant decrease in the number of lectin receptor sites was observed on leukemic lymphocytes, most notably in chronic lymphoid leukemia.
    • The apparent affinity constants for lectin binding were consistently higher on leukemic cells than on normal cells.
    • Qualitative variations in glycoconjugates forming lectin receptor sites were identified.

    Conclusions:

    • Leukemia is associated with altered cell surface glycoconjugate expression, leading to reduced lectin receptor sites.
    • Increased lectin binding affinity on leukemic cells suggests compensatory mechanisms or specific molecular changes.
    • These findings contribute to understanding the immunobiology of leukemia and potential diagnostic markers.