Related Experiment Videos
Moxalactam therapy of serious infections
Abstract:
Twenty-four patients were treated with moxalactam for 25 serious infections. Nineteen patients were septicemic and 18 presented severe underlying diseases considered to impair the normal response to bacterial pathogens. All of the pathogens had MICs of less than 12 mg/l except one Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain with an MIC of 32 mg/l. The dosage ranged from 3 to 12 g/day; the route of administration was either i.v. or i.m. The duration of treatment was six to 26 days. Six patients had urinary tract infections (three bacteremia), four had pulmonary abscesses (two bacteremia), five had septic thrombophlebitis (five bacteremia) and ten had miscellaneous infections (nine bacteremia). Twenty-two (92%) patients responded favourably. Four patients (16.6%) developed superinfections due to organisms highly resistant to moxalactam: three Streptococcus faecalis, one Bacteroides fragilis and one Aspergillus flavus. Tolerance was good. Nine moderate adverse reactions were observed: three cases of transient eosinophilia, two of phlebitis, three hepatic enzyme alterations and one rash. Moxalactam kinetics were measured in serum from 15 patients with normal renal function after receiving 1 g i.v. over 30 min. The mean peak level after the infusion was 82.8 +/- 12.1 (SE) mg/l; the mean trough level 8 h later was 6.2 +/- 1.7 (SE) mg/l. The serum half-life was 2.6 +/- 0.6 (SE) h for the beta phase. Plasma clearance was 76.8 +/- 8.2 ml/min. Moxalactam was found to be highly effective in the therapy of life-threatening infections.
Insights
Moxalactam effectively treated serious bacterial infections in 24 patients, showing a 92% favorable response rate. While generally well-tolerated, some patients developed superinfections, highlighting the need for careful monitoring during moxalactam therapy.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Serious bacterial infections pose significant treatment challenges, particularly in patients with severe underlying conditions.
- Moxalactam, a novel antibiotic, was investigated for its efficacy and safety in treating life-threatening infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of moxalactam in patients with serious infections.
- To assess the pharmacokinetic profile of moxalactam in patients with normal renal function.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study involving 24 patients with serious infections treated with moxalactam (3-12 g/day).
- Infections included septicemia, urinary tract infections, pulmonary abscesses, and septic thrombophlebitis.
- Adverse reactions and moxalactam serum kinetics were monitored.
Main Results:
- Moxalactam demonstrated high efficacy, with 92% of patients responding favorably to treatment.
- Common pathogens were susceptible, with most minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) below 12 mg/l.
- Four patients (16.6%) developed superinfections; tolerance was good with nine moderate adverse reactions observed.
Conclusions:
- Moxalactam is highly effective in treating life-threatening infections.
- The antibiotic is well-tolerated, with manageable adverse effects.
- Further monitoring for superinfections is recommended during moxalactam treatment.