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Related Experiment Videos

Brain metastases in children.

F Graus, R W Walker, J C Allen

    The Journal of Pediatrics
    |October 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Brain metastases are a serious complication in children with solid tumors, often developing after lung metastases appear. Early detection and treatment, including surgery and radiation, can improve survival outcomes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Oncology
    • Neurology
    • Cancer Metastasis

    Background:

    • Brain metastases are a significant concern in pediatric oncology.
    • Understanding the incidence and patterns of brain metastases in children with solid tumors is crucial for improving outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence, primary tumor types, and clinical course of parenchymal brain metastases in children and adolescents.
    • To evaluate the impact of treatment modalities on survival in pediatric patients with brain metastases.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of medical records for 31 children (under 21 years) with diagnosed parenchymal brain metastases.
    • Analysis of autopsy data from 139 children with solid tumors to determine the incidence of brain metastases.
    • Comparison of survival rates between patients treated with surgery and radiation versus radiation alone.

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    Main Results:

    • Brain metastases were diagnosed in 13% of children with solid tumors who underwent postmortem examination.
    • Osteogenic sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were common in younger children (<15 years), while testicular germ cell tumors were more frequent in older adolescents (15-21 years).
    • Pulmonary metastases preceded brain metastases in 90% of cases, with a median interval of 10 months; no brain metastases were present at initial cancer diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Brain metastases are a late complication of pediatric solid tumors, typically occurring after pulmonary involvement.
    • Surgical intervention combined with whole-brain radiation therapy showed a longer median survival (7 months) compared to radiotherapy alone (4 months).
    • Patients with radioresistant brain metastases may benefit from surgical excision or intensified radiation therapy.