Mitral reconstructive operations. A series of 130 consecutive cases

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Surgery
• Cardiac Valve Repair
• Rheumatic Heart Disease

Background:

• Mitral insufficiency, predominantly rheumatic, affects a significant patient population.
• Surgical intervention is crucial for managing severe mitral regurgitation.
• Mitral valvuloplasty offers a less invasive alternative to valve replacement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of mitral valvuloplasty for mitral insufficiency.
• To assess functional outcomes, survival rates, and reoperation rates following mitral repair.
• To analyze the impact of mitral valvuloplasty on cardiothoracic ratio and thromboembolic events.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 130 patients who underwent mitral valvuloplasty between 1975 and 1982.
• Data collection included patient demographics, etiology of mitral insufficiency, concomitant valve disease, surgical techniques, and follow-up outcomes.
• Statistical analysis of survival, reoperation, thromboembolism, and functional class (New York Heart Association) was performed.

Main Results:

• Low early mortality (2.3%) and late mortality (3.1%) were observed.
• Significant improvement in cardiothoracic ratio (p < 0.001) and functional status (NYHA Class I/II in 116/118 patients) was achieved.
• Seven-year survival rate was 92.0%, with an embolism-free rate of 91.2% and reoperation-free rate of 88.0%.

Conclusions:

• Mitral valvuloplasty provides stable functional results for mitral insufficiency.
• The procedure is associated with low surgical and late mortality.
• Mitral repair demonstrates an acceptable rate of reoperation and a favorable long-term prognosis.