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Compression stresses in the posterior elements and pathologic consequences.

M I Jayson

    Spine
    |April 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Excessive spinal strain, particularly during extension, can cause small fractures in posterior spinal elements, leading to back pain. This common cause of back pain is frequently misdiagnosed.

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Spinal Biomechanics
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Excessive strain concentration in spinal posterior elements is implicated in back pain.
    • Extension movements can exacerbate this strain.
    • Microfractures in the posterior elements may be a source of pain.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the role of excessive strain in spinal posterior elements as a cause of back pain.
    • To emphasize the diagnostic challenges associated with these injuries.
    • To correlate extension with increased strain and potential injury.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of pathologic, experimental, and clinical studies.
    • Analysis of biomechanical factors contributing to spinal strain.
    • Evaluation of diagnostic criteria and common pitfalls.

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    Main Results:

    • Studies confirm excessive strain concentration in posterior spinal elements.
    • Extension significantly increases strain in this region.
    • Small fractures resulting from this strain are linked to back pain episodes.

    Conclusions:

    • Excessive strain and subsequent microfractures in posterior spinal elements are a significant cause of back pain.
    • Extension is a critical factor in exacerbating spinal strain.
    • The diagnosis of these injuries is often overlooked, necessitating increased clinical awareness.