Cardiovascular anomalies with imperforate anus

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Surgery
• Congenital Anomalies
• Medical Genetics

Background:

• Anorectal malformations (ARM) are complex congenital conditions.
• Associated anomalies, particularly genitourinary (GU) and cardiovascular (CV), are common in ARM patients.
• Understanding the patterns of these co-occurring anomalies is crucial for comprehensive patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incidence and patterns of cardiovascular anomalies (CVA) in patients with anorectal malformations (ARM).
• To determine the relationship between CVA and co-existing genitourinary (GU) anomalies in this patient cohort.
• To identify specific types of ARM and CVA that frequently occur together.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 68 patients diagnosed with anorectal malformations.
• Analysis of recorded cardiovascular and genitourinary anomalies in the patient cohort.
• Statistical assessment of the association between ARM, CVA, and GU anomalies.

Main Results:

• Fifteen out of 68 patients (22%) had cardiovascular anomalies (CVA).
• Genitourinary (GU) anomalies were present in 30 patients, and CVA were significantly more frequent (33%) in those with GU anomalies.
• Ventricular septal defect was the most common CVA; 93% of CVA occurred in patients with type III ARM.

Conclusions:

• Cardiovascular anomalies are frequently associated with anorectal malformations, particularly in the presence of genitourinary anomalies.
• Type III anorectal malformations show a high co-occurrence rate with cardiovascular anomalies.
• The complexity of cardiac lesions does not directly correlate with the complexity of genitourinary anomalies in this population.