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Related Experiment Videos

Negative self-schemata in clinical depression.

B Bradley, A Mathews

    The British Journal of Clinical Psychology
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Clinical depressives exhibit a negative recall bias for self-referent information, supporting the negative self-schema model of depression. This bias in memory recall was specific to self-perception and not observed in decision speed tasks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Cognitive Neuroscience
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • Depression is often associated with negative self-perceptions.
    • Cognitive models suggest that a negative self-schema influences information processing in depressed individuals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To test predictions from a negative self-schema model of depression.
    • To investigate memory recall and decision speed biases in clinical depressives compared to controls.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants (depressed and non-psychiatric controls) completed decision speed and recall tasks using self-referent and other-referent positive and negative adjectives.
    • Measures included reaction time for adjective decisions and recall accuracy for adjectives.

    Main Results:

    • Clinical depressives showed a recall bias for negative self-referent adjectives compared to positive ones.
    • No significant differences in decision speed were found between groups.
    • The negative recall bias was specific to self-referent information, with no such bias observed for other-referent information.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings support the negative self-schema model of depression by demonstrating a specific recall bias for negative self-related information.
    • The observed recall bias did not correlate with depression severity or duration.
    • Further research is needed to explore alternative explanations for the observed cognitive patterns.

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