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Functional studies in 79-year-olds. II. Upper extremity function.

B Lundgren-Lindquist, L Sperling

    Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study on 79-year-old adults found age-related declines in upper extremity strength, particularly in men. Functional limitations in elderly individuals highlight the need for accessible product design.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
    • Human Movement Science
    • Ergonomics

    Background:

    • A significant percentage of elderly individuals experience upper extremity disorders.
    • Assessing functional capacity is crucial for maintaining independence in older adults.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate upper extremity function in 79-year-old men and women.
    • To identify age-related changes and gender differences in hand and arm strength.
    • To explore correlations between grip strength, manual tasks, and functional abilities.

    Main Methods:

    • A subsample of 205 individuals (112 women, 93 men) aged 79 participated.
    • Evaluated coordination, key-grip and transversal grip strength, and power capacity (jar opening).
    • Assessed upper extremity movements in personal hygiene, dressing, kitchen tasks, and manual abilities.

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    Main Results:

    • Men showed a greater age-related strength decrease than women in grip tests.
    • Women generated approximately 66% of men's force when opening jars.
    • Key-grip strength correlated with coordination performance and ability to handle an electric plug.

    Conclusions:

    • Elderly individuals, especially men, experience significant age-related upper extremity strength decline.
    • Functional limitations in grip strength impact daily tasks like opening jars and handling small objects.
    • Product design and environmental adaptations are essential to accommodate the declining functional capacity of the elderly.