["Typical" and "less typical" sports injuries in the field of neurology]

In times of increasing "sparetime pathology" sequels of sports are getting a new meaning in medicine. Surgeons are mainly involved in this issue but it also contacts neurologists. We differentiate between direct sequels of sports and concomitant incidents of sports. Besides the typical head injuries we saw a number of atypical traumatic damages such as a hit by a golf ball, fall on the buttocks and the header in football. Discprotrusions are mainly understood as concomitant incidents at sports because in most cases one has to consider preexisting disc lesions. Though there are typical motions in sports which rather lead to discprotrusions such as strong torsions of the body in football, serving in tennis, heavy lifting in wrestling or an unexpected fall into a hollow in skiing. In cerebrovascular events, sports is usually only one additive etiological component. Nevertheless the lack of adequate acclimatisation and the brisk beginning of stressing sports in high mountain areas (which is enabled through modern technic) can contribute a great deal to decompensation of cerebrovascular disorders. In this respect doping can have a serious influence since protecting physiological mechanisms are eliminated. Diving accidents are able to give rise to spinal, cerebral and cerebellar gasembolisation. Warning early symptoms of great value are TIA, vertigo and fits. Sport practice can figure as an unspecific test situation in order to provoke these events. Diagnostic investigation of the cardiovascular system and the CNS has to be performed in those cases. Particular regard should be paid to expert situations which tend to distort the clinical pictures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)