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[Primary peritonitis].

P Jenny, J M Rothenbühler

    Zeitschrift Fur Kinderchirurgie : Organ Der Deutschen, Der Schweizerischen Und Der Osterreichischen Gesellschaft Fur Kinderchirurgie = Surgery in Infancy and Childhood
    |April 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Primary peritonitis, a serious abdominal emergency in children, is most common in those aged four to eight. Mortality is higher in infants, emphasizing the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Surgery
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Critical Care Medicine

    Context:

    • Primary peritonitis represents 1-2% of pediatric abdominal emergencies.
    • It is a significant cause of diffuse peritoneal sepsis (15%) in children.
    • The condition predominantly affects infants and children aged 4-8 years, with a female predominance except in neonates.

    Purpose:

    • To review the epidemiology, etiology, and clinical presentation of primary peritonitis in children.
    • To highlight risk factors and associated conditions.
    • To discuss the spectrum of causative organisms and their implications.

    Summary:

    • Primary peritonitis incidence is higher in children with nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis with ascites, and immunologic deficiencies.
    • Common causative organisms include Staphylococcus and gram-negative bacteria.

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  • Mortality rates are approximately 50% in infants, decreasing to 10-15% in older children.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors can guide preventative strategies.
    • Recognizing increased incidence in specific pediatric populations aids early diagnosis.
    • Knowledge of common pathogens informs appropriate antibiotic selection and management, potentially reducing mortality.