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Selenium and acute alcoholism.

S K Dutta, P A Miller, L B Greenberg

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |November 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Alcoholic subjects show significantly lower selenium levels due to poor dietary intake. Selenium depletion in alcoholics is corrected by diet and abstaining from alcohol.

    Area of Science:

    • Nutritional biochemistry
    • Clinical nutrition
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Alcoholism is associated with various nutritional deficiencies.
    • Selenium is an essential trace element with important antioxidant functions.
    • The impact of chronic alcohol consumption on selenium status requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate selenium status in hospitalized alcoholic patients undergoing detoxification.
    • To compare selenium levels and excretion in alcoholics versus control subjects.
    • To determine the selenium content of alcoholic beverages and hospital diets.

    Main Methods:

    • Serial blood and urine samples were collected from nine alcoholic subjects during detoxification.
    • Plasma selenium levels and urinary selenium excretion were measured.

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  • Selenium content of alcoholic beverages and hospital diets was analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Alcoholic subjects exhibited significantly lower plasma selenium levels and urinary selenium excretion compared to controls (p < 0.01).
    • Estimated daily dietary selenium intake before hospitalization was inadequate for most alcoholic subjects.
    • Alcoholic beverages contained very low levels of selenium (0.1–0.8 µg/dL).

    Conclusions:

    • Alcoholic subjects frequently experience selenium depletion, primarily due to insufficient dietary intake.
    • Cessation of alcohol consumption and adequate nutrition effectively restore selenium levels without supplementation.
    • This highlights the importance of nutritional support in alcohol detoxification programs.