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Related Experiment Videos

Characterization of staphylococci.

D G Hoover, S R Tatini, J B Maltais

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study reclassified Staphylococcus strains using numerical taxonomy and DNA hybridization, identifying Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus as distinct. It also revealed new enterotoxins and coagulase-negative, enterotoxigenic strains.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Bacteriology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Traditional identification methods for Staphylococcus species, such as those in Bergey's Manual, may not adequately differentiate all strains.
    • Accurate classification of Staphylococcus is crucial for understanding their pathogenicity and public health implications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To re-evaluate the taxonomic classification of 158 Staphylococcus strains using advanced molecular and numerical methods.
    • To identify key phenotypic tests for differentiating Staphylococcus species, including Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus.
    • To investigate the enterotoxigenicity of atypical Staphylococcus strains.

    Main Methods:

    • Biochemical, physiological, and morphological characterization of 158 Staphylococcus strains.
    • Application of numerical taxonomy and DNA-DNA hybridization for taxonomic analysis.
    • Enterotoxin detection using monkey-feeding bioassays and analysis of specific phenotypic markers.

    Main Results:

    • DNA homology confirmed Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus as distinct from S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. saprophyticus.
    • Tube coagulase, acetoin/acid production from specific carbohydrates, and novobiocin growth were key differentiating tests.
    • Four S. hyicus subsp. hyicus strains showed enterotoxigenic potential but lacked known enterotoxins (A-E), suggesting novel toxins.
    • Coagulase-negative, enterotoxigenic strains were identified, challenging traditional classification and screening methods.

    Conclusions:

    • Bergey's Manual nomenclature is insufficient for accurate Staphylococcus species identification in some cases.
    • A combination of tube coagulase and heat-stable DNase tests is recommended for routine screening of enterotoxigenic staphylococci.
    • The study highlights the existence of novel enterotoxins and coagulase-negative enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus strains, necessitating refined diagnostic approaches.

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