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Bacterial meningitis in Nottingham

P Ispahani

    The Journal of Hygiene
    |October 1, 1983
    PubMed

    Insights

    Bacterial meningitis mortality varied by causative organism, with pneumococcal meningitis being the deadliest. Factors like age and consciousness level significantly impacted patient prognosis in this 1974-1980 study.

    Area of Science:

    • Clinical Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Bacterial meningitis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
    • Understanding the causative agents and prognostic factors is crucial for effective patient management.
    • Previous studies have highlighted variations in outcomes based on pathogen and patient demographics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the distribution of bacterial pathogens causing meningitis.
    • To identify factors influencing mortality rates across different age groups.
    • To assess the impact of pre-admission antibiotic therapy on prognosis and diagnosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 171 bacterial meningitis cases admitted to Nottingham hospitals (January 1974 - June 1980).
    • Analysis of causative organisms, patient demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and outcomes.
    • Statistical assessment of factors associated with mortality and diagnostic challenges.

    Main Results:

    • Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were responsible for 69% of proven cases.
    • Overall mortality was 26%, with the highest (53%) in pneumococcal meningitis and lowest (0%) in meningococcal meningitis.
    • Poor prognostic indicators included age extremes (<2 months or >40 years), altered consciousness, high CSF protein, and positive blood culture; prior antibiotics did not affect prognosis but altered lab findings.

    Conclusions:

    • Causative agents and age significantly influence bacterial meningitis outcomes.
    • Early recognition of prognostic factors is vital for clinical decision-making.
    • Diagnostic capabilities remain effective despite pre-admission antibiotic use.

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