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Related Experiment Videos

Respiration during sleep in children.

M A Carskadon, K Harvey, W C Dement

    The Western Journal of Medicine
    |June 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    A small number of respiratory pauses during sleep are normal for children aged 9-13. This study monitored breathing in children, finding pauses are common across all sleep stages.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Sleep-related breathing patterns in children are not fully understood.
    • Previous research has not extensively documented respiratory pauses in healthy pre-adolescent children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of respiratory pauses during sleep in healthy children aged 9 to 13 years.
    • To analyze respiratory rate and its regularity across different sleep stages and wakefulness.
    • To compare respiratory pause frequency and characteristics between boys and girls.

    Main Methods:

    • Polysomnography including electroencephalography, electrooculography, and electromyography was used to record sleep.
    • Respiration was monitored using nasal thermistors and strain gauges.
    • Respiratory pauses (≥5 seconds) and respiratory rate were analyzed across sleep stages and during wakefulness.

    Main Results:

    • All children experienced respiratory pauses during sleep, averaging 17.2 in boys and 18.0 in girls per night.
    • Respiratory rate varied significantly with sleep stage and wakefulness, being highest during wakefulness and stage 1 sleep.
    • More respiratory pauses occurred during stage 1 and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep compared to deeper sleep stages (2, 3, 4).
    • Respiratory rate variance was significantly lower in girls than in boys.

    Conclusions:

    • A limited number of respiratory pauses during sleep are considered normal in healthy children aged 9-13.
    • Sleep stage significantly influences respiratory patterns, with increased pauses in lighter sleep stages.
    • Sex differences may exist in respiratory rate variability during sleep in this age group.

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