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The availability of tetracyclines in calves
Nordisk Veterinaermedicin
|July 1, 1983
Summary
Chlortetracycline (CTC) showed higher bioavailability than oxytetracycline (OTC) in calves. Milk and minerals significantly reduced antibiotic absorption, making CTC more suitable for oral calf therapy.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pharmacology
- Animal Health
- Drug Bioavailability Studies
Background:
- Oxytetracycline (OTC) and Chlortetracycline (CTC) are commonly used antibiotics in calf treatment.
- Understanding their bioavailability is crucial for effective therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the oral bioavailability of oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) in non-fasting calves.
- To evaluate the impact of milk-based diets and mineral supplements on antibiotic absorption.
Main Methods:
- Oral administration of OTC and CTC at 10 mg/kg to non-fasting calves.
- Assessment of drug availability with and without milk replacer or cow's milk.
- Evaluation of serum level reductions caused by calcium and iron.
- Stability testing of OTC in milk powder.
Main Results:
- Oral bioavailability was 5% for OTC and 37% for CTC.
- Milk replacer reduced OTC and CTC availability by 68% and 40%, respectively.
- Cow's milk reduced OTC and CTC availability by 72% and 47%, respectively.
- Calcium and iron significantly decreased serum antibiotic levels.
Conclusions:
- Chlortetracycline (CTC) demonstrates superior oral bioavailability compared to oxytetracycline (OTC) in calves.
- Milk-based diets and mineral supplements (calcium, iron) markedly impair the absorption of both antibiotics.
- CTC is recommended over OTC for oral therapeutic applications in calves due to better absorption.