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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

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Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
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Phases of Wound Repair01:28

Phases of Wound Repair

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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

A Pre-clinical Rat Model for the Study of Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Reconstructive Microsurgery
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Skin flap failure: pathophysiology.

C L Kerrigan

    Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Skin flaps fail due to arterial insufficiency, not arteriovenous shunting. This study in pigs clarifies the pathophysiology of failing skin flaps, identifying the primary cause of necrosis.

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    Ischemic Tissue Injury in the Dorsal Skinfold Chamber of the Mouse: A Skin Flap Model to Investigate Acute Persistent Ischemia
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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Surgical Research
    • Tissue Engineering

    Background:

    • Skin flap failure is a significant complication in reconstructive surgery.
    • Understanding the pathophysiology of flap failure is crucial for improving surgical outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying skin flap failure.
    • To determine the primary cause of skin flap necrosis in an experimental model.

    Main Methods:

    • An experimental study was conducted using a pig model.
    • The study focused on analyzing the events leading to skin flap failure.

    Main Results:

    • The study demonstrated that arterial insufficiency is the primary reason for skin flap failure.
    • Arteriovenous shunting was found not to be a major contributor to skin flap necrosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Arterial insufficiency is the critical factor in skin flap failure.
    • Surgical strategies should focus on ensuring adequate arterial supply to prevent flap necrosis.