[Radionuclide nephro-urologic diagnosis - its value in clinical diagnosis]

Nuclear-medical nephrological diagnostic methods increasingly obtain significance for the judgment of the function of the nephrological system on account of their non-invasive character and on account of improved technical possibilities which made their way into the nuclear-medical routine diagnostics. As to the technique a graduation is the result, beginning with examination methods which at present allow only a qualitative separated according to the sides judgment of the renal function (isotope nephrography and renoscintigraphy) up to the techniques which render possible quantitative evidence (renal sequence scintigraphy and determinations of the renal clearance). Using different nuclear pharmaceutics which underlie a different kinetics, blood supply as well as glomerular and tubular partial function can be demarcated from each other and simultaneously determined, respectively. The use of modern nuclear pharmaceutics, especially of 123I-hippurate from the Central Institute for Nuclear Research Rossendorf introduced into the diagnostics 1982 brings a further reduction of the as it is very low radiation exposure for the patient. The selection of the methods to be used and the nuclear pharmaceutics should always be performed depending on the clinical questioning. Isotope nephrography and renoscintigraphy are used in the preliminary diagnostics on suspicion of functional and morphologic changes of the kidneys. The renal sequence scintigraphy remains reserved to special questionings. It renders possible to establish according to the sides prerenal, intrarenal or postrenal disturbances of the functions of the kidneys globally as well as regionally and to perform a quantitative side-separated judgment of the function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)