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Stability of gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin in combination with four beta-lactam antibiotics
Abstract:
The stability of the aminoglycosides gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin stored in combination with carbenicillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, and moxalactam was evaluated at four temperatures (25, 4, -8, and -70 degrees C) over a 3-week period. Amikacin was the most stable of the aminoglycosides and demonstrated no loss of activity when stored with either carbenicillin or piperacillin. Gentamicin and tobramycin were inactivated by carbenicillin and piperacillin at 25 and 4 degrees C, with aminoglycoside activity declining substantially after 8 to 48 h of storage; virtually no loss of gentamicin or tobramycin activity occurred with storage at -8 or -70 degrees C. Cefotaxime and moxalactam produced no degradation of any of the three aminoglycosides.
Insights
Aminoglycoside stability varies when combined with other antibiotics. Amikacin remains stable, while gentamicin and tobramycin degrade with certain combinations at warmer temperatures.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Microbiology
- Drug Stability
Background:
- Aminoglycosides are crucial antibiotics.
- Their stability in combination therapy is vital for effective treatment.
- Potential interactions with beta-lactam antibiotics require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the stability of gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin.
- To evaluate their stability when combined with carbenicillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, and moxalactam.
- To determine the impact of storage temperatures on these combinations.
Main Methods:
- Aminoglycosides were stored with four beta-lactam antibiotics.
- Stability was tested at four temperatures: 25, 4, -8, and -70 degrees C.
- Drug activity was monitored over a 3-week period.
Main Results:
- Amikacin showed high stability, with no loss of activity when combined with carbenicillin or piperacillin.
- Gentamicin and tobramycin were inactivated by carbenicillin and piperacillin at 25 and 4 degrees C within 8-48 hours.
- No significant degradation of any aminoglycoside was observed when stored with cefotaxime or moxalactam at any temperature.
Conclusions:
- Amikacin is the most stable aminoglycoside in combination with carbenicillin and piperacillin.
- Cold storage ( -8 or -70 degrees C) preserves gentamicin and tobramycin activity when combined with carbenicillin or piperacillin.
- Cefotaxime and moxalactam do not affect the stability of the tested aminoglycosides.