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Complement metabolism during membrane plasma separation.

B C McLeod, A Viernes, R J Sassetti

    Artificial Organs
    |November 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Membrane plasmapheresis can activate the complement system. Choosing less activating membranes and using citrate anticoagulation can minimize complement activation during the procedure.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Immunology
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Plasma separation membranes can activate the complement system in serum.
    • Understanding complement behavior during membrane plasmapheresis is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate complement metabolism during membrane plasmapheresis.
    • To evaluate complement activation with different membrane separators and anticoagulants.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied complement metabolism in subjects undergoing membrane plasma separation.
    • Utilized crossed immunoelectrophoretic analysis of C3 in plasma to assess complement activation.
    • Compared three prototypic membrane devices: cellulose acetate, polysulfone, and polyvinylchloride derivative.

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    Main Results:

    • Cellulose acetate with heparin caused extensive C3 conversion (up to 50%).
    • Polysulfone with citrate and polyvinylchloride derivative with heparin/citrate showed minimal C3 conversion (0-10%).
    • Citrate reduced C3 conversion with cellulose acetate but increased it with polyvinylchloride derivative.

    Conclusions:

    • Complement activation by membrane material can occur during membrane plasma separation.
    • Selecting weakly activating membranes and using citrate anticoagulation can minimize complement activation.
    • Optimizing membrane and anticoagulant choice is key for safer membrane plasma separation.