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Biological effects and possible hazards.

F W Kremkau

    Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Diagnostic ultrasound (US) has known benefits, but conclusive safety data is limited. While some experimental effects occur at high intensities, current epidemiological studies show no harm, suggesting cautious, medically indicated use.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Biophysics
    • Obstetrics

    Background:

    • Confirmed biological effects from diagnostic ultrasound (US) are documented at high intensities (>100 mW/cm2).
    • Many reported in vitro effects lack independent confirmation and unknown mechanisms.
    • Cavitation occurrence in tissues remains poorly documented.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the clinical safety of diagnostic ultrasound.
    • To assess the sufficiency of current experimental and epidemiological data for risk assessment.
    • To provide guidance on the appropriate use of diagnostic ultrasound.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of experimental studies on mammalian biological effects.
    • Analysis of in vitro studies on diagnostic ultrasound.

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  • Examination of epidemiological data on fetal and maternal outcomes.
  • Assessment of documented benefits and potential risks.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimental mammalian biological effects confirmed above 100 mW/cm2; in vitro findings often unconfirmed.
    • Mechanisms of action for reported effects are largely unknown.
    • Epidemiological studies indicate no adverse effects on fetus or mother, but data is insufficient for definitive conclusions.

    Conclusions:

    • Current data is insufficient to definitively determine the clinical safety of diagnostic ultrasound.
    • Diagnostic ultrasound should be used when medically indicated, minimizing exposure time and intensity.
    • While not definitively hazardous, indiscriminate use is not advised due to incomplete risk assessment data.