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Coronaviridae.

S G Siddell, R Anderson, D Cavanagh

    Intervirology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses infecting vertebrates, causing respiratory and gastrointestinal issues. Their structure includes RNA, nucleocapsid, surface, and matrix proteins, with replication via intracytoplasmic budding.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Coronaviridae is a genus of 11 viruses infecting vertebrates.
    • These viruses are known to cause significant respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive overview of the morphological, structural, replicative, antigenic, and biological characteristics of the Coronaviridae family.
    • To detail the key features of coronavirus particles and their life cycle.

    Main Methods:

    • Morphological analysis of virion particles.
    • Characterization of viral structural proteins and genomic RNA.
    • Description of viral replication strategies, including budding and mRNA synthesis.
    • Analysis of antigenic properties and biological transmission routes.

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    Main Results:

    • Coronaviruses are enveloped, pleomorphic particles (60-220 nm) with club-shaped surface projections.
    • Genomic RNA is single-stranded, complexed with nucleocapsid, surface, and matrix proteins.
    • Replication involves intracytoplasmic budding and production of subgenomic mRNAs.
    • Three major antigens correspond to virion proteins; transmission is primarily fecal-oral.

    Conclusions:

    • Coronaviridae viruses possess distinct structural and replicative features.
    • Their biological characteristics facilitate horizontal transmission in vertebrate hosts.
    • Understanding these characteristics is crucial for managing associated diseases.