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Related Experiment Videos

Normal human skin echogram.

S Miyauchi, Y Miki

    Archives of Dermatological Research
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) can image deep skin layers and subcutaneous fat, but not superficial interfaces like the corneo-epidermal junction. A 10 MHz transducer is suitable for standard skin echograms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Medical Imaging
    • Ultrasound Technology

    Background:

    • High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) is a non-invasive imaging technique.
    • Previous studies have explored HFUS for skin imaging, but detailed characterization of superficial skin layers remains challenging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the capability of B-mode echography in visualizing different layers of the skin, including the stratum corneum, epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat.
    • To compare ultrasound images with histologic sections for accuracy.
    • To investigate regional variations in normal skin echograms and determine optimal transducer frequency.

    Main Methods:

    • Sector B-mode echograms were obtained from skin samples: pemphigus foliaceus bulla stratum corneum, split-thickness skin grafts (epidermis and superficial dermis), and whole skin with subcutaneous fat.

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  • Ultrasound imaging was performed using 5, 10, and 15 MHz transducers.
  • Echograms were compared with corresponding histologic sections.
  • In vivo normal skin echograms were recorded from various body regions (forehead, abdomen, back, upper arm, thigh, lower leg, heel).

    • Main Results:

    • The corneo-epidermal and epidermo-dermal interfaces were not delineated by any of the tested transducer frequencies (5, 10, or 15 MHz).
    • Subcutaneous fat appeared as an echolucent zone with weak echoes from fibrous trabeculae and large blood vessels.
    • Regional differences in normal skin echograms were observed, with clear demonstration of underlying cutaneous muscles, fascia, or bone.
    • A 10 MHz transducer was deemed appropriate for standard skin echograms, primarily yielding detailed images of deep dermal and subcutaneous structures.

    Conclusions:

    • High-frequency ultrasound is effective in imaging deeper skin structures like subcutaneous fat and underlying tissues.
    • Superficial skin layers and their interfaces (corneo-epidermal, epidermo-dermal) are not well-visualized with current B-mode echography technology.
    • A 10 MHz transducer is suitable for general skin imaging, but detailed visualization of superficial structures requires further technological advancements.