Interactions of bisquaternary pyridine salts (H-oximes) with cholinergic receptors

Certain recently developed antidotes of the bispyridinium type, commonly called "H-oximes" (HGG 12, 21, 42, 52, 65, 70, 89, and HGG 90) have been investigated as to their effects on muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These compounds clearly discriminate between these two types of receptors being more potent inhibitors of the muscarinic receptor with inhibitory constants in the micromole range. (The corresponding values for the nicotinic receptor are in the range of 0.1 mM.) However, the inhibitory potency in the binding assay does not correlate with the ED50 values obtained against soman in mice. The site of antidotal action therefore appears not to be the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Binding to the muscarinic receptors may partially contribute to the effects against soman in vivo.