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Serum complement components in Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

M Garcia-Fuentes, A Martin, C Chantler

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |May 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Complement activation occurs in Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), particularly the alternative pathway. Low properdin levels in acute HSP suggest this pathway is involved in the condition.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a systemic vasculitis.
    • The role of the complement system in HSP pathogenesis is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate complement activation in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura.
    • To determine which complement pathways are involved in acute and chronic HSP.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum levels of complement components (C1q, C4, C3, C5, factor B, properdin) and CH50 were measured.
    • Patients with acute HSP and chronic nephritis following HSP were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • In acute HSP, low CH50 (39%) and low properdin (30%) were observed, while C1q, C4, and C3 remained normal.
    • In chronic nephritis post-HSP, complement components were generally normal, with occasional reductions in C4 and properdin.

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  • Low properdin levels in acute HSP indicate alternative pathway activation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Complement activation is confirmed in Henoch-Schönlein purpura.
    • The alternative complement pathway is likely activated in acute HSP.
    • Complement abnormalities are less pronounced in chronic nephritis following HSP.