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Acute multiple sclerosis with contrast-enhancing plaques.

S Lebow, D C Anderson, A Mastri

    Archives of Neurology
    |July 1, 1978
    PubMed
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    Contrast-enhancing lesions on CT scans indicate active demyelination in acute multiple sclerosis (MS). These findings reveal early blood-brain barrier breakdown, crucial for understanding MS pathogenesis.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Radiology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.
    • Understanding the early pathological changes in MS is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
    • Computerized axial tomography (CT) is a key imaging modality in neurological assessment.

    Observation:

    • A case of clinically fulminant multiple sclerosis (MS) was studied.
    • Contrast-enhancing lesions were identified using CT imaging.
    • Neuropathologic correlation was possible due to the patient's rapid decline and death.

    Findings:

    • Contrast enhancement on CT scans correlates with early demyelinative lesions in acute MS.
    • Lesion enhancement is directly related to the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier.

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  • These enhancing lesions may represent the sole abnormality detected by CT.

    • Implications:

    • CT-visible enhancing lesions are indicative of active disease in multiple sclerosis.
    • The findings support the role of blood-brain barrier disruption in MS pathogenesis.
    • Identifying these lesions is vital for characterizing disease activity and progression.