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Stress, behavior and experimental hypertension.

R McCarty

    Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Animal models like spontaneously hypertensive rats show heightened behavioral and physiological responses to stress, unlike genetically hypertensive rats. This hyperreactivity may indicate a predisposition to developing high blood pressure.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Behavioral Neuroscience
    • Animal Models of Disease

    Background:

    • Essential hypertension research has extensively utilized animal models, particularly inbred rat strains, to study pathophysiology.
    • However, the behavioral correlates of experimental hypertension remain less explored.
    • This review focuses on the utility and limitations of animal models in hypertension research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the advantages and limitations of animal models for studying essential hypertension.
    • To investigate the relationship between stressful stimuli and behavioral/physiological responses in two distinct rat models of hypertension.
    • To explore potential markers for hypertension predisposition.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of behavioral and physiological responses to acute and chronic stress in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) normotensive controls.

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  • Assessment of sympathetic nervous system activity and behavioral measures under basal and stressed conditions.
  • Evaluation of New Zealand genetically hypertensive (GH) and normotensive (N) rats' responses to acute stress.

    • Main Results:

    • Spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats exhibit exaggerated behavioral and physiological hyperreactivity to various stressors compared to WKY controls.
    • New Zealand genetically hypertensive (GH) and normotensive (N) rats show no significant differences in behavioral or physiological responses following acute stress exposure.
    • The hyperreactivity observed in SHR rats may serve as a marker for hypertension predisposition rather than a direct consequence of hypertension.

    Conclusions:

    • The exaggerated stress response in SHR rats is a significant finding, suggesting a potential predisposition to hypertension.
    • The lack of differential response to acute stress in GH and N rats highlights strain-specific differences in hypertension models.
    • Further research is needed to establish a causal link between specific physiological or behavioral markers and hypertension development.