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Urolithiasis in children. Presenting signs, etiology, bacteriology and localisation
Insights
Urinary tract infections are the most common sign of pediatric urolithiasis, often linked to urinary malformations. Proteus bacteria are frequently identified in affected children, with kidney stones being the most prevalent location.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Urology
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Urolithiasis in children presents unique diagnostic and etiological challenges.
- Understanding the common signs, causes, and locations of pediatric stones is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the presenting signs, etiology, urinary bacteriology, and stone localization in a cohort of pediatric urolithiasis patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 310 personal cases of pediatric urolithiasis.
- Data collected on presenting symptoms, associated urinary malformations, bacterial findings, and stone location.
Main Results:
- Urinary tract infection (UTI) was the primary presenting sign in 55% of cases, followed by hematuria (23%) and abdominal pain (20%).
- Urinary malformations were present in 26% of patients.
- Proteus species were the most common urinary bacteria identified (55%).
- Kidney stones were the most frequent localization (228 cases), followed by ureteral (71), bladder (45), and urethral (5) stones.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric urolithiasis frequently presents with UTI, highlighting the importance of considering stones in children with recurrent or complicated UTIs.
- The association with urinary malformations underscores the need for thorough etiological investigation.
- Proteus infections and kidney localization are common in this population.
Abstract:
Based on a personal series of 310 observations, the authors have studied the presenting signs, the etiology, the urinary bacteriology and the localization of the stone in children with urolithiasis. Urinary tract infection is the presenting sign in 55% of the cases, hematuria in 23% and abdominal pain in 20%. Urinary malformation is associated in 26% of cases, whatever the age at diagnosis. The urinary bacteria found in 55% of cases is Proteus. Localization was in the kidney in 228 cases, in the ureter in 71 cases, the bladder in 45 cases and in the urethra in 5 cases.