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Environment and gastro-enteritis.

P Vannier, J P Tillon, F Madec

    Annales De Recherches Veterinaires. Annals of Veterinary Research
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Diseases are often multifactorial, not just caused by a single microbe. Farm management factors like food, building, and farmer control significantly influence animal health and disease onset.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Pathology
    • Animal Husbandry
    • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Pathologists often attribute diseases solely to specific microbiological agents.
    • The relationship between infection and disease manifestation is complex and rarely straightforward.
    • Distinction between monofactorial diseases (e.g., Transmissible Gastroenteritis virus) and multifactorial diseases is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To differentiate between monofactorial and multifactorial diseases in animal populations.
    • To identify the contributing factors in multifactorial diseases beyond the primary infectious agent.
    • To understand the herd system's role in regulating disease onset.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of disease etiology, distinguishing between single-agent and multiple-factor causation.
    • Identification of farm-specific variables influencing disease development.
    • Examination of the herd system as a complex interplay of factors.

    Main Results:

    • Multifactorial diseases involve an infectious agent as a final effector, but its multiplication is influenced by environmental and physiological factors.
    • Six key variables (food, building, management, animal resistance, microbism, farmer) significantly impact digestive disorders.
    • Disease is viewed as a disruption of the herd system's balanced variables, not solely microbial multiplication.

    Conclusions:

    • Multifactorial diseases result from a disharmony in herd system variables, with the infectious agent often being the final trigger.
    • Effective disease control requires managing the interplay of environmental, physiological, and management factors within the herd.
    • The farmer plays a pivotal role in controlling these variables to prevent disease outbreaks.

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