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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins01:21

Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins

Proteoglycans are extensively glycosylated proteins, commonly found in the extracellular matrix, interwoven with collagen fibers. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers associated with large amounts of proteoglycans. These proteoglycans have long negative charges that attract cations, which in turn attract water molecules. This influx of ions and water molecules swells up the proteoglycan like a water-soaked gel that can...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
Integrins01:10

Integrins

Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
Glycocalyx and its Functions01:14

Glycocalyx and its Functions

The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich, fuzzy-appearing layer on the outer surface of the cell membrane. It is highly hydrophilic, because of this it attracts large amounts of water to the cell's surface. This aids the cell's interaction with the watery environment and also helps it to obtain substances dissolved in the water. It is also important for cell identification, self/non-self determination, and embryonic development and is used in cell-to-cell attachments to form tissues.
Components of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix
09:40

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix

Published on: January 4, 2017

Studies on intercellular LETS glycoprotein matrices.

L B Chen, A Murray, R A Segal

    Cell
    |June 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Chick embryo fibroblasts secrete extracellular matrices composed primarily of Large External Transformation Sensitive (LETS) protein. These LETS protein matrices, linked by disulfide bonds, influence cell shape and myoblast fusion.

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    Last Updated: May 11, 2026

    A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix
    09:40

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    Published on: January 4, 2017

    Glycoproteomics of the Extracellular Matrix: A Method for Intact Glycopeptide Analysis Using Mass Spectrometry
    14:02

    Glycoproteomics of the Extracellular Matrix: A Method for Intact Glycopeptide Analysis Using Mass Spectrometry

    Published on: April 21, 2017

    Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions
    11:21

    Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions

    Published on: January 20, 2022

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Extracellular Matrix Research

    Background:

    • Cell-cell contact is essential for the formation of extracellular matrices by chick embryo fibroblasts.
    • These matrices are fibrous, with individual fibers measuring 5-10 nm in diameter, and they aggregate into bundles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the composition and properties of intercellular matrices secreted by chick embryo fibroblasts.
    • To determine the role of Large External Transformation Sensitive (LETS) protein in matrix formation and function.

    Main Methods:

    • Scanning and transmission electron microscopy to visualize matrix structure.
    • Immunofluorescence and immunoferritin techniques to identify protein components.
    • Detergent treatment to isolate cell-free matrices.
    • Solubilization studies using beta-mercaptoethanol.

    Main Results:

    • LETS protein is a major component, constituting over 90% of cell-free matrices.
    • Matrices are likely polymers of LETS protein linked by disulfide bonds, as indicated by solubilization requirements.
    • Collagen is not involved in these matrices.
    • LETS protein matrices promote cell shape changes and myoblast fusion but do not affect cell growth, glucose uptake, or protease production.

    Conclusions:

    • Chick embryo fibroblast extracellular matrices are primarily composed of LETS protein, forming a disulfide-linked polymer.
    • LETS protein matrices play a significant role in regulating cell morphology and fusion, independent of cell growth or metabolic activity.