Effects of dietary and pharmacologic alteration of serum lipids on platelet survival time
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Insights
Platelet survival time is reduced in men with coronary disease, especially those with hyperlipoproteinemia. Lowering triglyceride and cholesterol levels can improve platelet survival, suggesting a link between lipid profiles and cardiovascular health.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Hematology
- Lipid Metabolism
Background:
- Platelet survival time (SURV) is a critical factor in cardiovascular health.
- Abnormalities in lipid metabolism, such as hyperlipoproteinemia, are associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between platelet survival time and coronary artery disease.
- To examine the impact of hyperlipoproteinemia on platelet survival.
- To assess the effect of altering triglyceride and cholesterol levels on platelet survival.
Main Methods:
- Platelet survival time was measured using autologous labeling with 51Chromium.
- Participants included men with coronary disease, hyperprebetalipoproteinemia, and hyperbetalipoproteinemia.
- Interventions included dietary modifications and pharmacotherapy (cholestyramine) to alter lipid levels.
Main Results:
- Platelet survival time was significantly shortened in 69% of men with coronary disease.
- Shortened platelet survival was more prevalent in men with hyperprebetalipoproteinemia (74%) and hyperbetalipoproteinemia (87%).
- Dietary reduction of triglycerides increased platelet survival, while an increase in triglycerides decreased it. Cholestyramine and diet decreased cholesterol and increased platelet survival.
Conclusions:
- Platelet survival time is reduced in men with coronary disease, particularly those with hyperlipoproteinemia.
- Alterations in serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels are associated with corresponding changes in platelet survival.
- These findings suggest a potential therapeutic target for managing cardiovascular disease by modulating lipid profiles to improve platelet survival.
Abstract:
Platelet survival time (SURV) (autologous labelling with 51Chromium) was shortened (3 +/- 0.03 days; average t 1/2 +/- SEM; normal t 1/2 3.7 +/- 0.03 days) in 88 out of 128 (69%) men with coronary disease. In 35 out of 47 men with hyperprebetalipoproteinemia, SURV was shortened (3 +/- 0.09 days) (74%). Of 30 men with hyperbetalipoproteinemia, SURV was shortened (2.5 +/- 0.10 days) in 26 (87%). Of 51 men without hyperlipoproteinemia, SURV was normal (3.3 +/- 0.10 days) in 24 (47%). Dietary alteration of serum triglyceride was undertaken in 12 men with hyperprebetalipoproteinemia, and in eight a decrease of triglyceride of more than 75 mg% was achieved (324 +/- 21-219 +/- 18 mg%; P less than 0.001) with an increase of SURV (2.2 +/- 0.11-2.8 +/- 0.13 days; P less than 0.001). In four, serum triglyceride increased by more than 75 mg% (279 +/- 14-451 +/- 28 mg%) and SURV decreased (2.7 +/- 0.16-2.3 +/- 0.21 days). Cholestyramine (16 g g.d.) and diet decreased serum cholesterol (348 +/- 7.6-319 +/- 6.3 mg%; P less than 0.001) in 15 men with hyperbetalipoproteinemia and SURV increased (2.3 +/- 0.08-2.7 +/- 0.07 days; P less than 0.001). Results suggest that SURV is shortened in men with coronary disease, particularly in those with hyperlipoproteinemia, and that alteration of triglyceride and cholesterol are associated with alteration of SURV.
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