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Uroperitoneum in the foal.

D W Richardson, C W Kohn

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
    |February 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Urinary bladder defects caused uroperitoneum in foals, with male sex predilection. Diagnosis involved creatinine level differences, and surgical repair had a 61% success rate despite complications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Equine Surgery
    • Neonatal Pathology

    Background:

    • Uroperitoneum is a serious condition in foals, often linked to urinary tract abnormalities.
    • Early diagnosis and intervention are critical for foal survival.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review cases of uroperitoneum in foals to identify causes, clinical signs, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes.
    • To evaluate the efficacy and complications associated with surgical repair of urinary bladder defects.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case review of 22 foals diagnosed with uroperitoneum.
    • Analysis of clinical signs, diagnostic findings (including serum and peritoneal fluid creatinine), and surgical outcomes.
    • Histopathological examination where available to confirm congenital defects.

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    Main Results:

    • Urinary bladder defects were the most common cause (11 of 18 surgically treated cases).
    • Male foals showed a predilection.
    • Key clinical signs included tachycardia, tachypnea, and abdominal distention.
    • Marked electrolyte imbalances (hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hyperkalemia) were observed.
    • A significant difference in creatinine levels between serum and peritoneal fluid reliably indicated uroperitoneum.
    • Surgical repair was successful in 11 of 18 foals, with frequent surgical and anesthetic complications.

    Conclusions:

    • Urinary bladder defects, potentially congenital, are a primary cause of uroperitoneum in foals.
    • Creatinine analysis is a valuable diagnostic tool.
    • While surgical repair can be successful, complications remain a significant concern, highlighting the need for careful patient management.